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Paracrine - Locally acting. For example,
many growth factors act in a very local manner on the cell adjacent
or closely juxtaposed to the site of their production. Paracrine
actions may be directional, for example, with the signal produced
in the stroma and acting on the epithelium, or they may act within
a single tissue layer.
Partin tables - A set of tables published
by Alan Partin from Johns Hopkins that uses preoperative PSA,
Gleason score, and clinical stage to predict the pathologic stage
of prostate cancer from a radical prostatectomy specimen.
Pelvic lymph node dissection - Removal
of the lymph nodes adjacent to the prostate.
Peripheral zone (PZ) - Outer area of
prostate where over 80% of prostate cancers originate.
Peyronie’s disease - scar tissue
build up inside the penis causing curvature, narrowing os shortening
of an erect penis
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Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - Experimental
technique used to amplify DNA.
Positive predictive value (PPV) - Proportion
of true positive tests when a modality gives a positive test result.
Priapism - Prolonged and often painful
penile erections not associated with sexual stimulation
Prostascint® - A monoclonal antibody
imaging study used to detect prostate cancer cells throughout
the soft tissues of the body.
Prostate cancer - Cancer involving
the prostate gland; the cause of prostate cancer remains unknown
Prostate gland - A gland in the male
which surrounds the neck of the bladder and urethra. The prostate
contributes to the seminal fluid.
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Prostate specific antigen (PSA) - A
protein that is specifically manufactured by prostatic epithelial
cells. The level of PSA often correlates with the likelihood and
extent of prostate cancer and the size of benign prostatic enlargement
or BPH.
Prostate specific membrane antigen -
An antigen present on the cell membrane of prostatic epithelial
cells.
Prostatectomy - Removal of the protate.
Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN)
- A precancerous lesion of the prostate that often accompanies
prostatic cancer.
Protein - Any of a group of complex
organic compounds which contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen.
Proteins are made of amino acids.
Pyeloplasty - Repair of ureteropelvic
junction obstruction.
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